Submissions

Author Guidelines

Authors are invited to make a submission to this journal. All submissions will be assessed by an editor to determine whether they meet the aims and scope of this journal. Those considered to be a good fit will be sent for peer review before determining whether they will be accepted or rejected.

Before making a submission, authors are responsible for obtaining permission to publish any material included with the submission, such as photos, documents and datasets. All authors identified on the submission must consent to be identified as an author. Where appropriate, research should be approved by an appropriate ethics committee in accordance with the legal requirements of the study's country.

An editor may desk reject a submission if it does not meet minimum standards of quality. Before submitting, please ensure that the study design and research argument are structured and articulated properly. The title should be concise and the abstract should be able to stand on its own. This will increase the likelihood of reviewers agreeing to review the paper. When you're satisfied that your submission meets this standard, please follow the checklist below to prepare your submission.

Instructions to authors

Manuscript Preparation

Manuscript length should be 6 to 18 pages. The journal can exceptionally accept shorter or longer manuscripts, provided that the scientific content is of high value. All full length type of submitted manuscripts must include the following items though it varies according the types of the article:

Title - Make sure that the title is specific and concise. Titles should be presented in title case - all words should be in lower case letters except the first alphabet of the first word and names.

List of authors, their affiliations and email addresses - Provide the full names and affiliations of all the authors. Affiliations should include department, university or organization, city, and country. One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author, and their email address needs to be included.

Title: [Enter the title of manuscript in title case]

Authors: [List here all author names; e.g., Authors¹, Author², and Author³]

¹Author name, author department, University, country

²Author name, author department, University, country

³Author name, author department, University, country

*Corresponding author:

[Author name, contact address, city, state, country, Tel: ---; Fax:---; E-mail: ---]

Abstract - The abstract should briefly introduce the manuscript, not exceeding 300 words. No citations should be included in the abstract. It should have sub-sections:

-Background

-Objective

-Methods

-Results and

-Conclusions.

Keywords - At least 3 keywords or phrases should be included and must be separated by commas to distinguish them.

Main body

Introduction: The introduction section should provide a context for your manuscript. When preparing the introduction, please bear in mind that some readers will not be experts in your field of research. It outlines the research problems, provide background context, and states the study’s objectives or hypotheses. It establishes the significance of the work and guides readers to the central question.

Methods: details the design, procedures, materials, and analytical techniques used to conduct the study. It ensures reproducibility by offering a clear, step-by-step account of research process.

Results: presents the findings of the study without interpretation, often using data, tables, and figures to summarize key outcomes. It focuses on factual, objective reporting of observations derived from the methods.

Discussion: interprets the results, explaining their implications, connecting findings to existing literatures, and addressing whether the original hypotheses were supported. It may also highlight study limitations and suggest directions for future research.

Conclusions: A conclusion synthesizes key findings and generalizes their importance, discuss ambiguous data, and recommend further research. An effective conclusion should provide closure for a paper, leaving the reader feeling satisfied that the concepts have been fully explained.

*N.B. The list should contain at least ten references and should be arranged in the order of citation in text. In the text, each reference number should be enclosed by square brackets. Citations of references may be given simply as "in [1] ...", or as "in reference [1] ...". Similarly, it is not necessary to mention the authors of a reference, unless the mention is relevant to the text.

Multiple citations within a single set of brackets should be separated by commas. Where there are three or more sequential citations, they should be given as a range [2, 7-9, 13].

Declarations (consider EAJHS format, include the following)

• Ethical considerations:
  • It is mandatory to include the reference number in the main document and attach the letter of ethical clearance as supplementary files of the portal system.
• Abbreviations and acronyms:
• Acknowledgements: You as the author are free to decide whether to include acknowledgments or not. Usually, the acknowledgments section includes the names of people who in some way contributed to the work, but do not fit the criteria to be listed as the authors. This section of your manuscript can also include information about funding sources.
• Data Availability:
• Competing Interest: Declare if any or no competing interest.
• Funding: Disclose funding sources if any.
• Authors’ Contribution:

References (follow EAJHS format)

• Use the Vancouver referencing style to organize the reference list
• All references should be cited in the article in a consecutive order.
• List here all the references in numbered order of citation in the text.
• List all authors if less than six. If more than six authors, list the first six followed by “et.al
• Use software to organize the references like Mendeley, Endnote etc
• Example: -
  • Smith JA, Jones AB, Brown CD, Davis EF, Green GH, White IJ, et al.  National, regional, and global. East Afri J Health Sci. 2021 18;21(1):305. doi: 10. 1186.

Tables and figures: Use 10 points font size. Data in Tables MUST be provided in the cells inside Tables and aligned to the left. The Tables should be in single line paragraphing and 0 spacing. An example is shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Distribution of educational status

Registration

To access the system for the first time you will need to register here. Please follow the "Registration link" link in the right-hand grey column. You will be asked to complete three steps:

• Name and email information;
• Address information;
• User ID and password;

• Must to have ORCID ID

Manuscript Submission

Online Submission System

Publishing your research article in a Science Publishing Group journal is simple and efficient. Science Publishing Group journals use online submission system:

http://journal.mu.edu.et/index.php/eajhs

Authorship

Authorship is a way of making explicit both credit and responsibility for the contents of published articles. Credit and responsibility are inseparable. The guiding principle for authorship decisions is to present an honest account of what took place.

Criteria for Authorship: apply to all intellectual products, including print and electronic publications of words, data, and images. The EAJHS uses the criteria of the uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to the journal which state that "authorship credit should be based only on substantial contribution to: (a) conception and design, or analysis and interpretation of data, (b) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and on (c) final approval of the version to be published. Conditions (a), (b) and (c) must all be met. Participation solely in the acquisition of funding or the collection of data does not justify authorship". The EAJHS must be assured that all the authors included on an article do fulfill these criteria of authorship. All authors should comply with the journals’ policies on conflict of interest.

Number of Authors: Editors should not arbitrarily limit the number of authors. If editors believe the number of authors is unusually large, relative to the scope and complexity of the work, they can ask for a detailed description of each author’s contributions to the work. If some do not meet criteria for authorship, editors can require that their names be removed as a condition of publication.

Order of Authorship: The authors themselves should decide the order in which authors are listed in an article. No one else knows as well as they do their respective contributions and the agreements they have made among themselves. Many different criteria are used to decide order of authorship. Among these are relative contributions to the work and, in situations where all authors have contributed equally, alphabetical or random order. Readers cannot know, and should not assume, the meaning of order of authorship unless the approach to assigning order has been described by the authors. Authors may want to include with their manuscript a description of how order was decided. If so, editors should welcome this information and publish it with the manuscript.

Authorship Disputes: Disputes about authorship are best settled at the local level, before journals review the manuscript. However, at their discretion editors may become involved in resolving authorship disputes. Changes in authorship at any stage of manuscript review, revision, or acceptance should be accompanied by a written request and explanation from all of the original authors.

Competing interest (CI)

Competing interest: Competing interest exists when there is a divergence between an individual’s private interests (competing interests) and his or her responsibilities to scientific and publishing activities such that a reasonable observer might wonder if the individual’s behavior or judgment was motivated by considerations of his or her competing interests.

CI affects everyone with a stake in research integrity including journals, research/academic institutions, funding agencies, the popular media, and the public. Journals are interested in CI as it relates to a specific manuscript.

Everyone has CIs of some sort. Having a competing interest does not, in itself, imply wrongdoing. However, it constitutes a problem when competing interests could unduly influence (or be reasonably seen to do so) one’s responsibilities in the publication process. If CI is not managed effectively, it can cause authors, reviewers, and editors to make decisions that, consciously or unconsciously, tend to serve their competing interests at the expense of their responsibilities in the publication process, thereby distorting the scientific enterprise. This consequence of CI is especially dangerous when it is not immediately apparent to others. In addition, the appearance of CI, even where none actually exists, can also erode trust in a journal by damaging its reputation and credibility.

The journals should make CI policies for authors, reviewers, and editors readily accessible to everyone involved in the publication process by publishing them with instructions for authors. The Editorial CI Policy that addresses editor CI should be published as well. This statement summarizes the main elements of CI policies and options for disclosure and management