Deployment of a Polling Based Assembly Language Programmed 8051 Microcontroller for Traffic Light Control with Consideration for Emergency Vehicles

Abstract

This study presents a dynamic traffic light control system that enhances traffic efficiency and prioritizes emergency vehicles at intersections. Using an 8051-microcontroller programmed in assembly language, the system integrates digital signals and a seven-segment display for real-time operation. Unlike fixed-time and interrupt-based schemes that may increase accident risks, the proposed polling-based approach continuously monitors sensor inputs, ensuring immediate passage for emergency vehicles while effectively managing normal traffic. Developed in Keil µVision®4 and validated through Proteus simulations, the system demonstrates accurate double-digit countdown timing for both emergency and non-emergency vehicles, providing a practical solution to urban congestion and emergency response challenges.